Epiphenomenalism, the Problem with Property Dualism
James Carroll critiques David Chalmers’s property dualism as a solution to the hard problem of consciousness. Chalmers proposes that experience is a fundamental feature of the world requiring new psychophysical laws beyond physics, but Carroll argues this view is fatally epiphenomenal—the experiences it describes cannot causally influence our claims, beliefs, or memories about having experiences. Since what we report experiencing must involve physical processes like moving neurons, any “experience” that doesn’t causally connect to behavior isn’t the experience we actually care about explaining. Carroll concludes that while property dualism cannot be disproven, it’s irrelevant to questions about AI consciousness, animal welfare, and mind uploading.